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On water management studies in some parts of central India using landsat imageries

V.K. Farky A
Department of Postgraduate studies and Research in physics,
R.D. University, Jabalpur. 482001 ( India)


Abstract
In this work an analysis of water management has been carried out as regards to irrigation and micro power projects in some portions of central India using LANDSAT imagery Code No. 154 044. Further details of the please with potential applications in above cited respect has been reported so as to plan properly in above respect. It is concluded that there is immense potential for both irrigation and power projects in this region, which can be taped in future.

Introduction
India is a vest country with good water resource rivers, likes, tanks and snow covered mountains. The river waters present an excellent potential for irrigation, power generation and industrial developments. Further with the increase in the populations of the big cities in the country the water management is a priority sector for on the overall development and property of the people. In this context an important portion of the country - Central India has been chosen for the present study. This portion is bestowed by nature by a ling river Narmada and number of its tributaries (Fig. 2) : Hence a study by means of satellite imageries is important in view of proper exploitation of the area. The area chosen for the present investigation is the outcom of the LANDSAT-1 imagery number. 154 044. The imagery 185 x 185 Km or 34225 square Kilometer or land has major portions of Jabalpur district of Madhya Pradesh state, in addition, following Districts also form part of the imagery under study:
  1. Damoh
  2. Sagar
  3. Mandala
  4. Raisen
  5. Hoshangabad
  6. Seoni
  7. Narsinghpur and
  8. Chindwada
The LANDSAT imagery under present investigation is covered approximately as under:

Lattitude
No. 22 - 12 to No. 23 - 50
No. 22 - 30 to No. 24 - 13

Longitude
Eo 78 - 10 to Eo 79 - 51
Eo 78 - 30 to Eo 80 - 15

The area under study is rich in its natural resources, specially fertile land, rivers, water bodies, mountain ranges minerals /1/. (Figs. 1,2, and 3)


Fig.1. Location


Fig.2. Water bodies


Fig.3. Rivers, Plateau and mountains of the scene


Materials and methods
The LANDSAT imagery number 154 044 was supplied by the National Remote Sensing Agency Balanagar, Secunderabad, Hyderabad (India). Further the imagery in different bands and scales was available for the present analysis as under:
  1. Scene Code 154 044
  2. Bands 5 and 7 scale 1:100,00
  3. FCC 4,5, and 7 scale 1:250,00
  4. In additiona following toposheets were used for the present investigation and analysis:

    TOPOSHEETS USED:
    55 N, 55 M/8
    55 M/11 55 M/12
    55 N/13 55 I/9
    55 M/14 ---
    64 A/01 64 A/2
    64 A/3 64 A/5 etc.

  5. The standard visual photointerpretation and ground truth support was used for the present analysis /2/.
Result and discussions
The area under investigation is very rich in water resources. Most of the rivers are tributaries to the long river Narmada. The river are tributaries to the long river Narmada. The river Narmada flows from east to westwards. Other important rivers of the scene are the Hiran, The soner, the Bearma, the Gaur and the Dudhi Rivers. Large number of canals are also seen in the scene, out of which many are dry as per photointerpretation. This is so because at the time of satellite pass in the month of January normally canals dry out. This is confirmed by the tone and texture of FCC. Near Sagar City, Damoh and Jabalpur several tanks are seen which is in tune with the ground truth of the places concerned /3,4,5,/. A large number and so also the water bodies in the scene. Further there is sufficient crop lands on both sides of the rivers specially Narmada, Hiran and Gaur. This shows that a large number of hydel dams can be constructed so as to generate electrical power. The potential places for generation of electricity are also marked. The hydel dam construction at such places will be beneficial with special respect to irrigation and electricity. The dam construction will be a potential source for enhancement of cultivation in period. The added advantage will be the dirnking water to cities near dams. Thus the analysis of satellites imagery yields an excellent methods for com putation of water potential, power production and irrigation. All these factors add up to the prosperity of the people of the area in particular and country as a whole in general.

Conclusion
The study under taken for the water management yields a large potential for construction of dams, irrigation and hydel electricity, Further it also adds to the problem of drinking water for cities situated on both sides of these rivers.

Acknolwdgement
Author is thankful to Madhya Pradesh Council of Science and Technology, Bhopal assigning a job as a coordinator for training in "Remote Sensing Applications" for M.P. University teachers arranged by National Remote Sensing Agency, Hyderabad. Further thanks are also due to NRSA Hyderabad for supply of LANDSAT imagery in different bands and FCC for the present analysis. Thanks are also due to shri Kanti Choudhuri, Ex-Vice Chancellor, R.D. University, Jabalpur for arranging special training in Remote Sensing in consultation with MAPCOST.

References
  • V.K. FARKY A, Proc. Vth ACRS, Q-2-1 to Q-2-3, Japan ( 1985).
  • H.C. GAUTAM, Photointerpretation Keys, N.R.S.A. Hyderabad. ( 1984)
  • J.L. JAIN and A.S. DAVE et. al . Project Report ( 1984)
  • V.K. FARKY A Proc. Vth ACRS, R-5-1 to R-5-3, Japan ( 1985)
  • R. VENKATAKRISHAN, Jrnl, Geol Sec. India, 25 401 ( 1984)